Bibliography
Sources
Every source cited across 21 published entries, grouped by type. See the methodology for how sources are chosen.
Many sources are books and archives, so not every item has a link. Entries that still need page-level citations say so in their source notes.
Primary source
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Harold Camping. 1994?. Vantage Press. 1992.
Cited in Camping, 1994
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Edgar C. Whisenant. 88 Reasons Why the Rapture Will Be in 1988. World Bible Society. 1988.
Cited in Whisenant, 1988
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Hippolytus of Rome. Commentary on Daniel, Book 4, chapters 23 to 24. c. 204.
Cited in Hippolytus, c. 500
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William Miller. Evidence from Scripture and History of the Second Coming of Christ, about the Year 1843. 1833.
Cited in William Miller, 1844
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Rodulfus Glaber. Five Books of Histories (Historiarum libri quinque). c. 1030s.
Cited in The year 1000
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John Hagee. Four Blood Moons: Something Is About to Change. Worthy Publishing. 2013.
Cited in Blood moons, 2014 to 2015
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Chuck Smith. Future Survival. Word for Today. 1978.
Cited in Chuck Smith, 1981
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Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. Jehovah's Witnesses: Proclaimers of God's Kingdom. Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. 1993.
Cited in Watch Tower, 1914
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Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. Life Everlasting in Freedom of the Sons of God. Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. 1966.
Cited in Watch Tower, 1975
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Joseph F. Rutherford. Millions Now Living Will Never Die. International Bible Students Association. 1920.
Cited in Watch Tower, 1925
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David Meade. Planet X: The 2017 Arrival. Self-published. 2017.
Cited in September 23, 2017
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Martin Luther. Supputatio annorum mundi. 1541.
Cited in Luther, c. 1600
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Martin Luther. Table Talk (Tischreden). recorded 1530s to 1540s.
Cited in Luther, c. 1600
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Pat Robertson. The 700 Club (broadcast statement). Christian Broadcasting Network. 1980.
Cited in Robertson, 1982
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Chuck Smith. The Final Curtain. Word for Today. 1976.
Cited in Chuck Smith, 1981
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Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society (compiled under J. F. Rutherford). The Finished Mystery (Studies in the Scriptures, Volume 7). Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. 1917.
Cited in Watch Tower, 1918
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Hal Lindsey with C. C. Carlson. The Late Great Planet Earth. Zondervan. 1970.
Cited in Lindsey, 1988
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Michael S. Hyatt. The Millennium Bug: How to Survive the Coming Chaos. Regnery. 1998.
Cited in Y2K and the year 2000
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Charles Taze Russell. The Time Is at Hand (Studies in the Scriptures, Volume 2). Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. 1889.
Cited in Watch Tower, 1914
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Harold Camping. Time Has an End: A Biblical History of the World. Vantage Press. 2005.
Cited in Camping, 2011
Academic
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Matthew Restall and Amara Solari. 2012 and the End of the World: The Western Roots of the Maya Apocalypse. Rowman & Littlefield. 2011.
Cited in December 21, 2012
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M. James Penton. Apocalypse Delayed: The Story of Jehovah's Witnesses. University of Toronto Press. 1985.
Cited in Watch Tower, 1914
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M. James Penton. Apocalypse Delayed: The Story of Jehovah's Witnesses. University of Toronto Press. 1985.
Cited in Watch Tower, 1918
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M. James Penton. Apocalypse Delayed: The Story of Jehovah's Witnesses. University of Toronto Press. 1985.
Cited in Watch Tower, 1925
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M. James Penton. Apocalypse Delayed: The Story of Jehovah's Witnesses. University of Toronto Press. 1985.
Cited in Watch Tower, 1975
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Stephen D. O'Leary. Arguing the Apocalypse: A Theory of Millennial Rhetoric. Oxford University Press. 1994.
Cited in Whisenant, 1988
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David L. Rowe. God's Strange Work: William Miller and the End of the World. Eerdmans. 2008.
Cited in William Miller, 1844
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David L. Rowe. God's Strange Work: William Miller and the End of the World. Eerdmans. 2008.
Cited in October 22, 1844
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Richard Landes, Andrew Gow and David C. Van Meter (eds.). The Apocalyptic Year 1000: Religious Expectation and Social Change, 950 to 1050. Oxford University Press. 2003.
Cited in The year 1000
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Ronald L. Numbers and Jonathan M. Butler (eds.). The Disappointed: Millerism and Millenarianism in the Nineteenth Century. Indiana University Press. 1987.
Cited in William Miller, 1844
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Ronald L. Numbers and Jonathan M. Butler (eds.). The Disappointed: Millerism and Millenarianism in the Nineteenth Century. Indiana University Press. 1987.
Cited in October 22, 1844
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Anthony Aveni. The End of Time: The Maya Mystery of 2012. University Press of Colorado. 2009.
Cited in December 21, 2012
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Daniel Wojcik. The End of the World as We Know It: Faith, Fatalism, and Apocalypse in America. New York University Press. 1997.
Cited in Lindsey, 1988
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Daniel Wojcik. The End of the World as We Know It: Faith, Fatalism, and Apocalypse in America. New York University Press. 1997.
Cited in Whisenant, 1988
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Daniel Wojcik. The End of the World as We Know It: Faith, Fatalism, and Apocalypse in America. New York University Press. 1997.
Cited in Camping, 1994
Secondary source
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Raymond Franz. Crisis of Conscience. Commentary Press. 1983.
Cited in Watch Tower, 1975
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Sylvester Bliss. Memoirs of William Miller. Joshua V. Himes. 1853.
Cited in William Miller, 1844
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Bernard McGinn. Visions of the End: Apocalyptic Traditions in the Middle Ages. Columbia University Press. 1979.
Cited in Hippolytus, c. 500
Website
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Family Radio. Family Radio public statements, May to October 2011. 2011.
Cited in Camping, 2011 · Link (opens in a new tab)
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NASA, Snopes and news outlets. Press and fact-check coverage, September 2017. 2017.
Cited in September 23, 2017
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Various outlets. Press and social media coverage, September 2025. 2025.
Cited in September 2025
Newspaper
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Associated Press, Reuters and other outlets. Press coverage, May and October 2011. 2011.
Cited in Camping, 2011
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Associated Press, The New York Times and other outlets. Press coverage, October and November 1992. 1992.
Cited in Seoul, October 28, 1992
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Joshua V. Himes (ed.). The Midnight Cry!. 1842 to 1844.
Cited in October 22, 1844